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clopidogrel  (Tocris)


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    Structured Review

    Tocris clopidogrel
    (A) Quantification of patent capillaries subjected to irradiation in the presence of Ps2P , either pretreated with anticoagulants to prevent occlusion or post-treated with rtPA to promote recanalization. All treatments failed to prevent blood flow cessation or to restore blood flow, respectively. (B) Reduction in blood flow upon capillary irradiation in the presence of anticoagulant drugs (left): Aspirin (N = 2, n = 10), heparin (N = 3, n = 17), <t>clopidogrel</t> (N = 4, n = 12) or blood flow recovery following reperfusion therapy with rtPA (N = 2, n = 18; right). Points represent single capillaries. (C) Representative two-photon images showing stalled blood cells inside the targeted capillary (left: leukocyte, middle: red blood cells (RBCs), right: platelets). Channels are displayed separately, with the merged image in the top left. Scale bars: 10 μm. (D) Representative maximum intensity two-photon 30-µm-z-projections of a Claudin5-EGFP reporter mouse. White arrowheads indicate individual EC nuclei. Scale bar: 10 μm. (E) Representative two-photon images of an EC injured capillary, showing pre-irradiation EC morphology (left) and post-irradiation damage (right). Line scan kymographs (cyan rectangles) using third-harmonic generation (THG) imaging confirm the presence and absence of blood flow pre- and post-irradiation, respectively. White arrowhead points towards injured EC nuclei. Scale bars: 10 μm. N = number of animals, n = number of capillaries.
    Clopidogrel, supplied by Tocris, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 16 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/clopidogrel+hydrogen+sulfate/(%2B)-Clopidogrel+hydrogen+sulfate/bio_rxiv__2025__05__27__656398-232-0-1
    Average 93 stars, based on 16 article reviews
    clopidogrel - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    93/100 stars

    Images

    1) Product Images from "ECgo: All-Optical Induction of Single Endothelial Cell Injury and Capillary Occlusion in the Brain"

    Article Title: ECgo: All-Optical Induction of Single Endothelial Cell Injury and Capillary Occlusion in the Brain

    Journal: bioRxiv

    doi: 10.1101/2025.05.27.656398

    (A) Quantification of patent capillaries subjected to irradiation in the presence of Ps2P , either pretreated with anticoagulants to prevent occlusion or post-treated with rtPA to promote recanalization. All treatments failed to prevent blood flow cessation or to restore blood flow, respectively. (B) Reduction in blood flow upon capillary irradiation in the presence of anticoagulant drugs (left): Aspirin (N = 2, n = 10), heparin (N = 3, n = 17), clopidogrel (N = 4, n = 12) or blood flow recovery following reperfusion therapy with rtPA (N = 2, n = 18; right). Points represent single capillaries. (C) Representative two-photon images showing stalled blood cells inside the targeted capillary (left: leukocyte, middle: red blood cells (RBCs), right: platelets). Channels are displayed separately, with the merged image in the top left. Scale bars: 10 μm. (D) Representative maximum intensity two-photon 30-µm-z-projections of a Claudin5-EGFP reporter mouse. White arrowheads indicate individual EC nuclei. Scale bar: 10 μm. (E) Representative two-photon images of an EC injured capillary, showing pre-irradiation EC morphology (left) and post-irradiation damage (right). Line scan kymographs (cyan rectangles) using third-harmonic generation (THG) imaging confirm the presence and absence of blood flow pre- and post-irradiation, respectively. White arrowhead points towards injured EC nuclei. Scale bars: 10 μm. N = number of animals, n = number of capillaries.
    Figure Legend Snippet: (A) Quantification of patent capillaries subjected to irradiation in the presence of Ps2P , either pretreated with anticoagulants to prevent occlusion or post-treated with rtPA to promote recanalization. All treatments failed to prevent blood flow cessation or to restore blood flow, respectively. (B) Reduction in blood flow upon capillary irradiation in the presence of anticoagulant drugs (left): Aspirin (N = 2, n = 10), heparin (N = 3, n = 17), clopidogrel (N = 4, n = 12) or blood flow recovery following reperfusion therapy with rtPA (N = 2, n = 18; right). Points represent single capillaries. (C) Representative two-photon images showing stalled blood cells inside the targeted capillary (left: leukocyte, middle: red blood cells (RBCs), right: platelets). Channels are displayed separately, with the merged image in the top left. Scale bars: 10 μm. (D) Representative maximum intensity two-photon 30-µm-z-projections of a Claudin5-EGFP reporter mouse. White arrowheads indicate individual EC nuclei. Scale bar: 10 μm. (E) Representative two-photon images of an EC injured capillary, showing pre-irradiation EC morphology (left) and post-irradiation damage (right). Line scan kymographs (cyan rectangles) using third-harmonic generation (THG) imaging confirm the presence and absence of blood flow pre- and post-irradiation, respectively. White arrowhead points towards injured EC nuclei. Scale bars: 10 μm. N = number of animals, n = number of capillaries.

    Techniques Used: Irradiation, Imaging

    Related Articles

    Incubation:

    Article Title: Platelets contribute to amyloid-β aggregation in cerebral vessels through integrin αIIbβ3-induced outside-in signaling and clusterin release.
    Article Snippet: http/stke.sc D ow nladed from Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a vascular dysfunction disorder characterized by deposits of amyloid-b (Ab) in the walls of cerebral vessels.. CAA and Ab deposition in the brain parenchyma contribute to dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD).. We investigated the contribution of platelets, which accumulate at vascular Ab deposits, to CAA.

    Concentration Assay:

    Article Title: Platelets contribute to amyloid-β aggregation in cerebral vessels through integrin αIIbβ3-induced outside-in signaling and clusterin release.
    Article Snippet: http/stke.sc D ow nladed from Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a vascular dysfunction disorder characterized by deposits of amyloid-b (Ab) in the walls of cerebral vessels.. CAA and Ab deposition in the brain parenchyma contribute to dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD).. We investigated the contribution of platelets, which accumulate at vascular Ab deposits, to CAA.

    Modification:

    Article Title: Platelets contribute to amyloid-β aggregation in cerebral vessels through integrin αIIbβ3-induced outside-in signaling and clusterin release.
    Article Snippet: http/stke.sc D ow nladed from Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a vascular dysfunction disorder characterized by deposits of amyloid-b (Ab) in the walls of cerebral vessels.. CAA and Ab deposition in the brain parenchyma contribute to dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD).. We investigated the contribution of platelets, which accumulate at vascular Ab deposits, to CAA.

    Saline:

    Article Title: Pharmacological interactions between intrathecal pregabalin plus tianeptine or clopidogrel in a rat model of neuropathic pain
    Article Snippet: The drugs used were pregabalin (Pfizer Inc., New York, NY), tianeptine (JEIL Pharm. .. Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea), and clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate (Tocris Bioscience, Bristol, UK); all drugs were dissolved in saline. ..

    other:

    Article Title: Blood oxygen regulation via P2Y12R expressed in the carotid body
    Article Snippet: ARL 67156 (Cat. No. 1283; PubChem CID: 11957464), Clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate (Cat. No. 1820; PubChem CID: 115366) and PSB 0739 (Cat. No. 3983; PubChem CID: 44583582) were from Tocris Biosciences, Bristol, UK.



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    93
    Tocris clopidogrel
    (A) Quantification of patent capillaries subjected to irradiation in the presence of Ps2P , either pretreated with anticoagulants to prevent occlusion or post-treated with rtPA to promote recanalization. All treatments failed to prevent blood flow cessation or to restore blood flow, respectively. (B) Reduction in blood flow upon capillary irradiation in the presence of anticoagulant drugs (left): Aspirin (N = 2, n = 10), heparin (N = 3, n = 17), <t>clopidogrel</t> (N = 4, n = 12) or blood flow recovery following reperfusion therapy with rtPA (N = 2, n = 18; right). Points represent single capillaries. (C) Representative two-photon images showing stalled blood cells inside the targeted capillary (left: leukocyte, middle: red blood cells (RBCs), right: platelets). Channels are displayed separately, with the merged image in the top left. Scale bars: 10 μm. (D) Representative maximum intensity two-photon 30-µm-z-projections of a Claudin5-EGFP reporter mouse. White arrowheads indicate individual EC nuclei. Scale bar: 10 μm. (E) Representative two-photon images of an EC injured capillary, showing pre-irradiation EC morphology (left) and post-irradiation damage (right). Line scan kymographs (cyan rectangles) using third-harmonic generation (THG) imaging confirm the presence and absence of blood flow pre- and post-irradiation, respectively. White arrowhead points towards injured EC nuclei. Scale bars: 10 μm. N = number of animals, n = number of capillaries.
    Clopidogrel, supplied by Tocris, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    Toronto Research Chemicals clopidogrel
    (A) Quantification of patent capillaries subjected to irradiation in the presence of Ps2P , either pretreated with anticoagulants to prevent occlusion or post-treated with rtPA to promote recanalization. All treatments failed to prevent blood flow cessation or to restore blood flow, respectively. (B) Reduction in blood flow upon capillary irradiation in the presence of anticoagulant drugs (left): Aspirin (N = 2, n = 10), heparin (N = 3, n = 17), <t>clopidogrel</t> (N = 4, n = 12) or blood flow recovery following reperfusion therapy with rtPA (N = 2, n = 18; right). Points represent single capillaries. (C) Representative two-photon images showing stalled blood cells inside the targeted capillary (left: leukocyte, middle: red blood cells (RBCs), right: platelets). Channels are displayed separately, with the merged image in the top left. Scale bars: 10 μm. (D) Representative maximum intensity two-photon 30-µm-z-projections of a Claudin5-EGFP reporter mouse. White arrowheads indicate individual EC nuclei. Scale bar: 10 μm. (E) Representative two-photon images of an EC injured capillary, showing pre-irradiation EC morphology (left) and post-irradiation damage (right). Line scan kymographs (cyan rectangles) using third-harmonic generation (THG) imaging confirm the presence and absence of blood flow pre- and post-irradiation, respectively. White arrowhead points towards injured EC nuclei. Scale bars: 10 μm. N = number of animals, n = number of capillaries.
    Clopidogrel, supplied by Toronto Research Chemicals, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/clopidogrel+hydrogen+sulfate/S-(%2B)-Clopidogrel+Hydrogen+Sulfate/pm39299374-38-0-4
    Average 93 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    clopidogrel - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
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    Image Search Results


    (A) Quantification of patent capillaries subjected to irradiation in the presence of Ps2P , either pretreated with anticoagulants to prevent occlusion or post-treated with rtPA to promote recanalization. All treatments failed to prevent blood flow cessation or to restore blood flow, respectively. (B) Reduction in blood flow upon capillary irradiation in the presence of anticoagulant drugs (left): Aspirin (N = 2, n = 10), heparin (N = 3, n = 17), clopidogrel (N = 4, n = 12) or blood flow recovery following reperfusion therapy with rtPA (N = 2, n = 18; right). Points represent single capillaries. (C) Representative two-photon images showing stalled blood cells inside the targeted capillary (left: leukocyte, middle: red blood cells (RBCs), right: platelets). Channels are displayed separately, with the merged image in the top left. Scale bars: 10 μm. (D) Representative maximum intensity two-photon 30-µm-z-projections of a Claudin5-EGFP reporter mouse. White arrowheads indicate individual EC nuclei. Scale bar: 10 μm. (E) Representative two-photon images of an EC injured capillary, showing pre-irradiation EC morphology (left) and post-irradiation damage (right). Line scan kymographs (cyan rectangles) using third-harmonic generation (THG) imaging confirm the presence and absence of blood flow pre- and post-irradiation, respectively. White arrowhead points towards injured EC nuclei. Scale bars: 10 μm. N = number of animals, n = number of capillaries.

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: ECgo: All-Optical Induction of Single Endothelial Cell Injury and Capillary Occlusion in the Brain

    doi: 10.1101/2025.05.27.656398

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Quantification of patent capillaries subjected to irradiation in the presence of Ps2P , either pretreated with anticoagulants to prevent occlusion or post-treated with rtPA to promote recanalization. All treatments failed to prevent blood flow cessation or to restore blood flow, respectively. (B) Reduction in blood flow upon capillary irradiation in the presence of anticoagulant drugs (left): Aspirin (N = 2, n = 10), heparin (N = 3, n = 17), clopidogrel (N = 4, n = 12) or blood flow recovery following reperfusion therapy with rtPA (N = 2, n = 18; right). Points represent single capillaries. (C) Representative two-photon images showing stalled blood cells inside the targeted capillary (left: leukocyte, middle: red blood cells (RBCs), right: platelets). Channels are displayed separately, with the merged image in the top left. Scale bars: 10 μm. (D) Representative maximum intensity two-photon 30-µm-z-projections of a Claudin5-EGFP reporter mouse. White arrowheads indicate individual EC nuclei. Scale bar: 10 μm. (E) Representative two-photon images of an EC injured capillary, showing pre-irradiation EC morphology (left) and post-irradiation damage (right). Line scan kymographs (cyan rectangles) using third-harmonic generation (THG) imaging confirm the presence and absence of blood flow pre- and post-irradiation, respectively. White arrowhead points towards injured EC nuclei. Scale bars: 10 μm. N = number of animals, n = number of capillaries.

    Article Snippet: Clopidogrel (Tocris, Cat.# 1820) administration included either a 4-day treatment at a lower dose (20 mg/kg; one i.p. injection per day over 4 d) or a higher single dose injection (100 mg/kg, i.p.) on the capillary irradiation day, with a minimum 3-h waiting period between injection and capillary irradiation.

    Techniques: Irradiation, Imaging